Blog — Institute of Economic Affairs

Author: James M. Buchanan, Charles K. Rowley, Albert Breton, Jack Wiseman, Bruno Frey, A. T. Peacock, Jo Grimond, W. A. Niskanen and Martin Ricketts

Total posts: 1

The Economics of Politics

15 November 1978

Research

The Economics of Politics

James M. Buchanan, Charles K. Rowley, Albert Breton, Jack Wiseman, Bruno Frey, A. T. Peacock, Jo Grimond, W. A. Niskanen and Martin Ricketts

15 November 1978

Introduction to public choice theory

People should be treated as rational utility-maximisers in all their behaviour. This central insight leads to the conclusion that institutions … Continue reading

Name	Provider	Purpose	Expiration
_cf_bm	Cloudflare	Identifies and blocks automated bot traffic to protect the website from abuse and attacks.	30 minutes
cf_clearance	Cloudflare	Stores proof that a visitor passed a security or CAPTCHA check to access protected pages.	1 year
AWSALBTG	Amazon Web Services	Load balancing cookie to ensure website stability and performance.	7 days
AWSALBTGCORS	Amazon Web Services	Used by AWS to maintain user sessions and route traffic to the correct server.	7 days
__stripe_mid	Stripe	Fraud prevention and secure payment processing.	1 year
__stripe_sid	Stripe	Maintains payment session security and fraud protection.	30 minutes
m	Stripe	Used for fraud detection and payment security.	2 years
hmt_id	hCaptcha	Distinguishes human users from bots for website security.	1 year
ab_experiment_sampled	Substack	Used to test different versions of site content.	1 year
ab_testing_id	Substack	Identifies which version of the website a user sees.	1 year
ajs_anonymous_id	Substack	Assigns an anonymous visitor ID used by Substack to recognise repeat visitors and track interactions with embedded newsletters.	1 year
disable_experiments	Substack	Stores whether experimental features are enabled.	Session
disable_html_pixels	Substack	Controls tracking pixels inside embedded newsletters.	Session
NID	Google Pay	Used when processing Google Pay transactions and for fraud prevention.	6 months
__cflb	Cloudflare	Maintains load-balancer routing to ensure requests go to the same backend server.	1 day
moove_gdpr_popup	Moove	Storing cookie settings data.	30 days

Name	Provider	Purpose	Expiration
_ga	Google Analytics	Distinguishes users for website usage statistics.	2 years
_ga_CP6LKG5BM3	Google Analytics	Stores session and interaction data for analytics reporting.	2 years

Author: James M. Buchanan, Charles K. Rowley, Albert Breton, Jack Wiseman, Bruno Frey, A. T. Peacock, Jo Grimond, W. A. Niskanen and Martin Ricketts

The Economics of Politics

The Economics of Politics

The IEA is an educational charity and free market think tank.